The world's ten most beautiful castle

Castle is the product of the Middle Ages in Europe, 1066-1400 AD is the heyday of the construction of the castle, the European aristocracy, the outbreak of war, competition for land, food, livestock, population, intensive war led to building more and more nobles, the more to the greater of the castle to guard their own territory, now, the castle has become one of the most beautiful buildings in the on Earth, is a synonym of fairy tales and fantasy. Organize a group of castle pictures, weekends and Bo Friends of Dramas, pictures are taken from the network to collect.
      

1: Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany

Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany: another in the two castles of Germany's most famous Ludwig II's masterpiece. Reputation as the crown of European castles. From Neuschwanstein Castle, overlooking the front of the vast landscape of Fahlge Lake, the Allgäu Alps and Füssen. Because of its spectacular and beautiful and noble temperament, also known as the "closest to the fairy tale place.

2: French Saint-Michel mountain city of Fort

2: The mountain city of Fort, France Saint-Michel : the famous French monuments and Christian holy sites, a small island located in the Manche, from the coast two kilometers. Mont Saint Michel is known as the " eighth wonder of the world ", it is Catholic in addition to the outside of Jerusalem and the Vatican, the third holiest site, here are the Normandy region. Vehicle landing Mont Saint Michel, you can see a very wide pastures, flocks of sheep near the blue sky, the distant pasture phase interface, is an oasis in a quicksand. A conical hill from the quicksand Wuran erected. The most spectacular conical hilltop Saint-Michel church buildings full existence than it, a diameter of about 1 km hill near the Gothic church spiers towering above the top of the golden holy Michelle statue holding a sword directed at the sky. Reminding us of scenes to enter the paradise on earth.

3: Loire shampoo Castle

      Loire shampoo Castle: France, Loire Chambord (chateau de chambord) is one of the most magnificent Loire Valley castle is also the largest, there are already 500 years of history. "Chambord is truly kingly, not only in its grand scale and valued momentum, while his rival group, proudly outside in instead of focusing on" Chambord is the most strong odor areas of French aristocratic life . The castle, there are over 100 m in length and width magnificent. The middle of the square fort, on both sides of six conical huge turret. Moat surrounded backed by big forest surface leaning against a large garden, trees, flowers, sculptures and clear lakes, gives an excellent visual enjoyment.

4: Hohenzollern Castle, Germany

 
 

Hohenzollern Castle, Germany : southern Germany's most famous one of the two castles (the other is the Neuschwanstein Castle), located in Tübingen, 20 km south of the hills. The castle was the birthplace of the Hohenzollern family. Neuschwanstein like a fairy-tale appearance compared to the Hohenzollern castle seems full of heroism, masculinity, and this is on behalf of the glorious history of the Prussian dynasty. The castle show the relics of Frederick the Great, the treasures of the Prussian king and the crown. Castle there are still descendants of the Prussian dynasty, the last emperor, Wilhelm II to remain in place.

5: Salzburg, Austria

Salzburg Austria: Salzburg is a world famous historical and cultural city, with its beautiful natural scenery and cultural customs, said the local culture known to the world. Saer Si castle, built in 1077, in order to resist the aggression building in Bavaria, around the castle overlooking the entire Salzburg panorama. Including the old town surrounded by distant mountains and Saer Si River. Hours of the night, the castle reflect white light, surrounded by a dark silence of the ancient city seems to have become the dream fortress floating in the air

6: Ruishi Xi Yong Castle

Yong Rui Shixi Castle : Castle compared with the other nine listed, regardless of size or appearance of Chillon Castle is not worth mentioning, which is nice because it leaning against the beautiful shores of Lake Geneva. Chillon Castle is located in the beautiful shores of Lake Geneva, the castle to keep the World rugged beauty. Chillon castle is very beautiful, and the appearance of coordination and the surrounding landscape, the obvious strong sense of security is the Chillon castle features. The characteristics of Chillon Castle is surrounded by the scenery, the side of the ancient road of Italy, one side is the beautiful Rhine Lake.

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Spain, Segovia, Spain Segovia Castle Castle : Segovia (of Segovia) Castle is located in the Segovia west of the city side, the location of the castle which is just the northern Spanish city of Castile (of Castile) To rush, retreat built Segovia Castle (the Alcazar de Segovia), due to strategic considerations, with superb views of the entrance there are more than 10 meters deep moat to prevent the enemy invaded the city. The castle was built in the 12th century, but have a more positive building movements in the early 15th century, the completion time of about 1455, however, there was a fire in 1862, so see the results of most of the 19th century reconstruction .

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Pena Castle, Pena Castle, Portugal Portugal : Pena Palace (Palacio da Pena,) King Palace at, it was bright, strange, mannered posture looks like a park-style castle. Built in 1840 - 1850, finally completed in 1885, Ferdinand's death that year. Other dignitaries, who live in this area according to the official residence of the same concept of building, making the Sintra become the center of European Romantic architecture, its parks and garden style is more deeply affected and future generations of landscaping design. Deep cultural values, this region in 1995 by the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

                    9: Edinburgh, Scotland



Edinburgh, Scotland : Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh or even Scotland, the spiritual symbol, stands at the top of dead volcanic high overlooking the Edinburgh urban area, held in August of each year's military band march-past (Military Tattoo), the majestic Edinburgh Castle atmosphere revealed. Edinburgh Castle, a royal fortress in the 6th century, in 1093 Queen Margaret died in this place, Edinburgh Castle has since become an important royal residence and the national administrative center and continue until the Middle Ages has been one of the important royal castle in Britain.

                10: Romania, Germany Gula Castle




Caligula Castle, Romania, Germany : Bran Castle, located in central and western Romania, the gathering place for it is the legendary vampire Dracula castle, the castle where the terrain is extremely advantageous, it is built on a hill, backed by hard-to-climb mountain overlooking the main road through the valley, passing from the road no one can escape the eyes of the lord of the castle. V Rod and kill countless, he was afraid of was to retaliate against the door of the castle will be converted into the walls, wishing to enter the castle, only to the castle south, along the above dropped a rope ladder to climb. This was originally built by the king of Hungary in 1377, the fortifications to resist the Turks. Built in 1382, gradually became a set of military, customs, local administration, the judiciary in the political center of a

Ten famous painting in China 5

Ming Qiu Ying Palace Chunxiao map

"Palace Chunxiao Figure", China re-color ladies first scroll. Heavy color on silk, Kampf great 37.2cm × 2038.5cm, decorative painting is a giant system. Palace Early Spring Sexy Lingerie is the traditional themes of Chinese figure painting, depicting palace Bean Princess life.
　　Qiu Ying (Qiu, sound Qiú), the word real parent, one for real just the 10th Chau, Taicang (now Jiangsu Taicang) people shift home Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). About Born Ming Hongzhi about eleven years (1498), died in the Ming emperors Jiajing three years (1552). Surviving paintings trace the "Jade the hole xianyuan map", "Peach Village Cottage map" jiange map "," Songxi on the drawing ".
　　Qiu Ying is one of the Plus Size Sexy Lingerie Ming Dynasty representative painter, was later known as the "next four" Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming and Tang Yin, also known as the "Heavenly Gate Four". Shen, Wen Tang three, to win not only to painting, and accompanied by the verse inscriptions, frame, Tang, Qiu close to Qiu Ying in his paintings, usually only the Title section. Qiu Ying, famous for the painting to re-color ladies "with Palace Chunxiao map" is the outstanding representative of the hatred of the English heavy-color paintings of beautiful women. This diagram outlines the show fresh and color Yan Ya, the painter by the Royal Park Lindian Yu Sheng, extremely gorgeous pen and ink performance concubines in the eviction of daily life, very hook as possible and deposited by the description rendered. Is not only the Chou Yingping raw editing software is also unique, re-color paintings of beautiful women dominate.
　　Anglophobia good at portraits, especially working ladies attached great importance to characterize the historical themes and depict absorption of the Southern Song Dynasty horse and the yuan techniques on display in vigorous, especially good at copying, powder Figure yellow paper, put pen to paper the real thing. As for Tsui Hao gold, Comprehensive Dan strand prime, refined Korea must Plaza, worthy of the ancients, especially good performance of different objects with different thickness strokes or turn round and smooth, or frustrated Jin Lee, both long and color, but also good line drawing. Accurate modeling of characters, summed up the strong image of beautiful, flowing lines, different from the flow engravings habits and headed towards the Song Room, has a significant impact on later, especially demand by Yu Ding and Qing paintings of beautiful women. era ladies of classic beauty, descendants assessment its meticulous ladies, portrayed delicate, vivid flew Wholesale Sexy Lingerie fine Liyan Plaza, the Ming Dynasty distinguished persons. Outstanding works include the story map "of the figure, the volume of" Palace Chunxiao Figure ", and" worked Figure.

Ten famous painting in China 4

Clear Castiglione "One Hundred Horses"

"100 Horses", the script for the paper, 102 cm of vertical, horizontal 813 cm. Remain in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Italian Giuseppe Castiglione in 1715 as a missionary travel across the ocean to China,Sexy Lingerie was called up to the palace emphasis on Western art of the Kangxi Emperor, began a court painter for 55 years career. In the painting, Castiglione financial and Western techniques in one, the formation of fine realistic effect, created a new style, and thus by the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong discouraged. "100 Horses" is his masterpiece.
　　Qing Dynasty Plus Size Sexy Lingerie is the pinnacle of the Chinese court painting, the legendary Italian painter Giuseppe Castiglione, is the leader of the Qing court painting, it is under the influence of Chinese and Western painting techniques, it formed a unique Qing Dynasty palace style. Lang's good to draw a horse, "One Hundred Horses" is a masterpiece in its life more than 100 pieces of horse works. This figure depicts a different attitude, one hundred horse grazing tour information scene. Full-volume color Nong Li, complex composition, unique style, unique charm.
　　Castiglione, born in 1688, 1766 death of Milan, Italy. Formerly Giuseppe · Jiasi, the end Rio. A young man to study painting in Europe, who the church draw the icon. Qing Emperor Kangxi 50 years (1715) as a Catholic Jesuit monk to preach in China, to Beijing after about wishful Hall, Yongzheng reign (1723), a court painter. A good mix of Chinese and Western painting techniques, not only pay attention to the three-dimensional effect in Western painting, pay attention to the perspective and lighting, attention to realistic and accurate structure of rationality. Because he can draw and proficient in architecture, has been involved in upgrading the Yuanmingyuan building fortifications. Good at portraits, animals, flowers and fruits, feathers, especially good horse painting. The painting made most of the west Wholesale Sexy Lingerie into the silk paper, slightly Participation of China and France, as a realist work, focus on the shape. Varieties and methods of painting in Europe he will pass on to the Chinese court painter to make a positive contribution to the exchange of Chinese and Western cultures art, drew the royal favor. After the death of buried Beijing Fuchengmen outside. Survive in the world work with poly Ritu, "Song Xian England Chi map", "One Hundred Horses", "Hong Li and Empresses like," the Western Regions war map ".

Ten famous painting in China 3

Northern Song Zhang Zeduan "Riverside"

Collections of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Color on silk, 24.8 cm wide, 528.7 cm long, the Northern Song Dynasty painter Zhang Zeduan survive in the world only to see a boutique.
"Painting" picture, the Northern Song Dynasty genre painting works. Masterpieces, a national treasure. "Painting" is one of the most famous works of Chinese painting history, not only the superb artistic level, but also around it handed down many interesting stories. This painting depicts the prosperity of the Bianjing Tomb Sweeping Festival, is Bianjing when prosperity witness, and also the Northern Song Dynasty portrayal of the city's economic situation. This picture, we understand that the urban landscape of the Northern Song Dynasty and people from all walks of life. "Painting" has a very high historical value.
"Painting" exquisite meticulous records of the Northern Song Dynasty last years, the suburbs of the the Huizong era capital Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the city near the river on both sides of buildings and people's livelihood. The figure depicts the Ching Ming Festival, the Northern Song Dynasty capital of Kaifeng, and near the river on both sides of the downtown scene and natural beauty. Work to scroll the form of cavalier perspective mapping method, the complexity of the scene into a unified and rich picture of change, the people portrayed over 500 different clothing, different look during interspersed with a variety of activities, focusing on dramatic composition density has caused, focusing on the changes of rhythm and rhyme, the words are clever tricks. The whole map is divided into three paragraphs.
The first paragraph, the spring of Bianjing Country:
In the woodland mist, in the shade of several huts, Caoqiao, water, old trees, boat. Two porters to catch a five pack of carbon donkey, came to the city. A Willows, branches just glow green, people feel the chill, they are born in spring. On the road a sedan chair, sat a woman. Decorated with willow hybrid flowers jiaoding sedan followed by the riding, Tiaodan return from the suburbs of Beijing outing grave. Description of the environment and people, point out the specific times and customs of the Tomb Sweeping Festival, launched a prelude for the whole painting.
The middle of the busy pier near the river:
Near the river is the Northern Song Dynasty national water transport hub and commercial traffic arteries, from the picture you can see the densely populated Rocky gathered people to rest in the teahouse, a fortune teller, meal Fanpu. Royal paper horse shop ", and" is a grave to sell sacrifice, river vessels between end to end, or trackers, stretch, or the boatman rowed, some loaded with goods, upstream, and some shore parked, is nervous discharge. Across near the river is a large-scale wooden arch bridge, its compact structure, the form of beautiful. Like a Sexy Lingerie rainbow, named Hongqiao. There are a ship pending across the bridge. Boatmen useful bamboo stays; useful Changgan hook bridge; useful hemp rope hanging on the ship; also several people busy to lay down the mast, so that the passage of vessels. O boat people are pointing to like loud yelling. Outboard boat busy this purpose boat bridge. Bridge, pinched the the Shentou brain tense scene to ship. Here is the famous Hongqiao terminal area, a busy, bustling, literally and figuratively, is the meeting point of a water and land transportation.
Posterior segment of the busy urban streets:
Tall tower house row upon row of both sides of the tea house, wine shop, foot shop, butcher shop, temples, public shrine and so on. Grade silk, jewelry, spices, incense paper horse's store specializes Additionally, there are the medical clinic, cart repair, fortune teller fortune-telling, shaving plastic surgery, all walks of life, everything, the store door the first tie "color floor Huan door, hanging the City move the banner to solicit business downtown pedestrians, crowds, stream, business merchants, see the gentry of the street, riding the officials, hawkers, ride chair all dependents itinerant monks who are charged with his backpack and some other place tourists asking for directions, streets children heard of the book, the wealthy children of binge drinking in the restaurant, the edge of the town begging disabled elderly, young and old, the segment of society, part of everyday , nothing is prepared. Means of transport: a chair, camels, cattle, carriages, rickshaws, Pacific cars, flat trucks, all kinds of everything evil. Painted a color to draw the shape to show in front of people.
A total of more than five meters long picture, draw more than five hundred and fifty colored people, cattle, horses, mules, donkeys and other livestock, sixty, car, bridge 20 vehicles, more than 20 of the size of the vessel vessels. Houses, bridges, towers, and also have their own characteristics, reflecting the architectural characteristics of the Song Dynasty. Zhang Zeduan "painting" is a description of the Northern Song Dynasty Bianjing City corner of the realist genre painting, with a high historical value and artistic level.

Ten famous painting in China 2

Don Yan Liben step chariot Figure

Step Revealed Figure ", the Beijing Palace Museum collection of treasures. Silk, and color, vertical and 38.5 cm, transverse 129.6 cm Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty, a famous Sexy Lingerie painter painted lines fluent and skillful, expressive, is an important historical and artistic value of works.
"Step Revealed Figure" is a for Zhenguan fifteen years (641 years) Tibetan leader Songtsan marriage of Princess Wencheng of historical events as subject matter, depicting the Emperor met to marry Princess Wencheng of the scene of the Tibetan envoys Gar.
The right half of the tu maids of honor, surrounded by sitting in the Emperor step chariot, left three of the former marshal for Gar for through the translator. The Emperor's image is the focus of the whole map. The authors took pains to be vivid and detailed characterizations, handsome the Taizong face painting, deep eyes, and looked solemn, fully revealing the Tang generation could maintain the style and dignity. Author to the fore the supreme grace of Taizong, clever use of contrast to the way off the performance. One of the ladies petite, tender, they or a fan or lift the chariot, or side or positive trend or line body silhouetted against the Emperor's sturdy, deep set with the condensate is contrasting; Second, Paul The East praise sincere, humble, discreet and courteous to set off the end of the Tang Taizong of Gansu peace, amiable state, is being lined. The figure does not have the background, the structure from right to left, by the close and gradually Lichtung, focused and distinctive rhythm.
From the perspective of the art of painting, the author's presentation skills have been very skillful. Drapery objects sketched ink lines turn round and smooth with a tough, smooth but not slippery, Dayton without lag; the look of the main characters behave vivid portrayal of the better song to pass between charm; together with the local image blooming, such as characters full-volume boots wrinkles, etc., it is highly three-dimensional sense; strong Chun Ink and color on the net, a large area of ​​red and green color staggered arrangement, full of rhythm and a distinctive visual effect. Figure 1, said Song facsimile copy painted fine, and still lose the truth of the original. Increase early Song Chapter Friends of straight small Zhuanshu about the story, also recorded in the Tang Li Tao Zhi Li Deyu "Hit back" question in mind two lines.

Ten famous painting in China1

 

Eastern Jin Dynasty · Gu Kaizhi Goddess Figure "

Goddess Figure ", the Beijing Palace Museum collection of treasures. Silk, colors 27.1cm vertical, horizo​​ntal 572.8cm. Volume of original Goddess Figure, the Eastern Jin Dynasty famous painter Gu Kaizhi draw (Song G)
This picture according to Cao Zhi famous "Goddess" for Gu Kaizhi handed down fine. This volume of the Song Dynasty copy retained a certain extent, a number of Sexy Lingerie
characteristics of the art Gu Kaizhi Thousand Years, can also be remote to see the look of ink. The whole volume is divided into three parts, tortuous detailed and structured depicted with the the Pattens Luoshen sincere and pure love story. Character arrangement density properly, naturally alternating in different spatial and temporal overlap, exchange, and in the mountains and scenery depicting all show a space.
The whole painting a pen fine fresh and simple, just as the "Spring Silkworms spin silk. Mountains and trees and rocks painting is naive and simple, so-called "greater than the mountain, water can not be pan-", the body
Are the characteristics of the early landscape painting.
This figure the volume in terms of content, artistic structure, character, form, environmental depict and ink performance
Form, is worthy of one of the treasures of classical Chinese painting.

Taj Mahal

Is made, the tomb of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, Taj Mahal, for Aifei. Mahal married 20 years of Shah Jahan, the two inseparable, when in 1622 her 38-year-old died, the emperor distraught. Her last wish is to sleep in a beautiful tomb, so Shah Jahan personally designed to spend tens of thousands of workers, costly, took 22 years to built the Taj Mahal. Shah Jahan had built for themselves an identical black mausoleum across the river, and a black and white bridge built between the two, but his son staged a coup and took the throne and imprisoned in Agra Fort. Shah Jahan, the rest of his life spent in the Agra Fort, gazing through a small window the night of the Taj Mahal.
    Who have seen the Taj Mahal, its crystal white, exquisitely carved figure of the dumping. This is an all white marble palace-style cemetery, is a set of Islamic and Indian architectural art in one of the ancient classics, Tagore had praise: the Taj Mahal is a tear in the cheek of time ". In the eyes of the world, the Taj Mahal is synonymous in India. This is known as the world's seven wonders of the magnificent tomb, just as the Great Wall, concentrate a great nation and ancient civilizations for thousands of years splendid culture.
Taj Mahal never get tired of it still makes people surprised. Different times in the day and different natural light, it showed different characteristics. Although it is a tomb, but it does not usually tomb of Coolness. On the contrary, you feel it seems to be floating between heaven and earth. Harmonious symmetry, gardens and reflection in the water together to create so many visitors marveled miracle. An estimated 20 000 artisans to participate in the construction of the Taj Mahal took 22 years to complete. It is said that a French and a Venetian involved in the engineering part of the work. Has not an architect record certainly involved in the construction of the mausoleum - this building is very suitable for the construction of its intention is to allow people to only remember the people in the tomb.Hours of the morning glow of the rising, rising a red accompanied Zhu wood to get the curl of the river the morning mist, as if to the Taj Mahal from sleep, it seems quiet. At noon, the Taj Mahal head blue sky, the foot of clear water and green trees, against the background of the South Asia has always been the bright sun, out come exquisitely carved, dazzling. Evening, the Taj Mahal has ushered in the most charming moment of it the day, sunset under the sun, the white of the Taj Mahal from the gray-yellow, golden yellow, and gradually become pink, dark red, cyan, as the moon slowly l onwards, eventually returning to the silver-white. In the dim moonlight, the Taj Mahal is particularly elegant, bright and charming, like the beauty of Taj Mahal in the Feelings contemplation. Allegedly, the Taj Mahal is the most beautiful time, Brightness when the empty night. The white marble mausoleum will be issued under the moonlight shine light purple, elegant Chu Chen, seems to descend to the beautiful fairy.
Architectural HistoryTaj Mahal in 1631 (the other information: 1632) commenced, which lasted 22 years (the other information: 18 years), used daily, 20,000 bonded laborers. In addition to the best architects and craftsmen to bring together all-India, has also hired the architects and craftsmen of the Middle East, Islam, is depleted treasury (total cost Rs 40 million), which led to the decline of the Mughal dynasty. Sha Jahan, King of primitive plans across the river made an identical black mausoleum for himself in the middle with half white, half black marble bridge connection, Aifei relatively sleep. Taj Mahal just completed its sub-Orange cloth (Aurangzeb) killing brother killing brother usurped the throne, Sha Jahan, the king himself was imprisoned octagonal intrauterine not far from the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort. Since the full eight years, Sha Jahan daily only through the small window, mournfully, gazing far away into the river floating reflection of the Taj Mahal, and later deterioration of vision, only refracted through a gem to watch Taj Mahal, until the final depression and died (died). But fortunately, Sha Jahan died and was buried in the Taj Mahal inside the Taj, the Aifei side.
 Taj Mahal is 322 km away from the marble quarry to build, but it is not some photos of the kind of pure white building. Hundreds of thousands of precious and semi-precious stones inlaid in the marble surface, on the tomb of the text is done in black marble. A carved marble fence you can see the excellent craftsmanship. Sunlight on the fence when it cast the shadow of the change of scene. The former had silver doors inside the gold railings and a large piece of cloth dress with pearls cover the cenotaph of the queen (its position in the top of the actual burial place). The thieves stole a precious thing, many people have attempted to dig for precious stones inlaid in the marble bar, but the magnificent Taj Mahal is still people were charmed.Taj Mahal is located in a scenic area, the majestic doorway symbolizes the entrance of heaven, above the vaulted dome of the pavilion. Here originally had a silver door, inlaid with hundreds of silver nail. These things have been stolen, and now the door is made of copper.Sha Jahan would like to get in the Chu Mu River on the other side to build a black marble tomb in the same legend does not seem too much authenticity. Orange, his son, then the cloth in 1658 declared emperor, and his father under house arrest in Agra a castle for nine years until his death. Sha Jahan from the castle is far from overlooking the Taj Mahal. Later, he was buried in the Taj Mahal.The Taj Mahal represents the peak of Mughal architectural achievement. This style of mausoleum erected on a pedestal, decorated with minaret, it is to cherish and reverence same mosque. This style of commemorative tomb in the development of northern India and disappear.Hou Mai's tomb in Delhi to start in 1564, it is a prototype of the Taj Mahal, solid, dignified rather than refined, Huang Ya. 1670s Orange is cloth in Oz Aurangabad replica of a Taj Mahal for his wife, but it does not have the charm and harmony of the Taj Mahal. Another the tomb Saifudajia Tomb in Delhi started in 1753, known as the Mughal architecture is the last flash, however it is not a people make every effort to the canal to see the building. Memorial mausoleum has a standard model - a large onion-shaped dome, waterways, flowers divided into four parts builder of the Taj Mahal, the melting of these things together, to create an unparalleled building. Compared to a conspiracy hatched by Sir William Bentinck, the Governor of Bangladesh, the Taj Mahal, the theft of precious treasures may be negligible. In the 1830s, his plan for the removal of poor management, the weeds of the Taj Mahal marble shipped to London to sell. Just can not find buyers because of the marble removed from the Delhi Red Fort, the plan was dropped. Later, in 1900, when the Viceroy of India, Curzon restored the Taj Mahal.
    Without a doubt, the Taj Mahal is a perfect model of the art in the world. Basically building flawless marble, the Taj Mahal in the moonlight gives the feeling of a reminding us of scenes in Wonderland. It is not only expressed deep memorial of Shah Jahan, the wife is also a gift to humans.Of the world seven architectural wonders behind a sad touching history, to understand its historical background, and can really increase the viewing of the Taj Mahal fun. The 17th century Mughal Emperor Sha Jahan to commemorate its Aifei A Ji Man Ballet slave, spent tens of thousands of workers built the mausoleum inlaid with precious stones, meticulous pattern of stunning. Taj Mahal, the most impressive main building is built from white marble puzzle, the imperial tombs of the up and down the neat symmetry about the central dome of six 12 m, amazing. Surrounded by four high about 41 meters steeple tower and the tower stands studded 30 five different types of semi-precious stones tombstones. The cemetery covers an area of ​​17 hectares, a slightly elongated shape of the circle, surrounded by a red sand stone walls, imported door to use the Red Rock puzzle built, about two stories tall, the top of the door on the back of each 10 is a typical white cone shaped small tower. The door has been leading to the burial chamber of Sha Jiehan king and the princess, the center of the room are placed the sarcophagus, strong serious Mu. The front of the Taj Mahal is one of the clear waterways, the waterways on both sides of planting fruit trees and cypress trees were a symbol of life and death.
Historical legendsIt is said Sha Jahan Chongfei A Ji Man Ballet slave is the real beauty of a man of Persian descent, gentle temperament, good lute painting and calligraphy. She was 21 years old and was married to King Jahangir Prince Kurram. Her marriage with the library Taj MahalRam through thick and thin, go together, traveling throughout the battlefield. 1628, Kurram inherit the throne after a bloody battle to own the name Sha Jahan, meaning the king of the world. Chong Fei A Ji Man Ballet slaves and therefore highest rank of the palace - the Taj Mahal. But did not last long, 1631, A Ji Man Ballet slave follow the Sha Jahan Nanzheng died in childbirth. At the age of 39. She married eighteen years, a total of Sha Jahan gave birth to 14 children. Survival of only four men and three women. A Ji Man Ballet death of slavery, so the Sha Jahan was heartbroken, he decided that the construction of Chong Fei one of the world's most beautiful tomb in order to express his thoughts on Chongfei. At the same time, ordered the court to two years for her mast to prohibit all recreational activities.In 1633, the Taj Mahal in the Sha Jahan selected the Yamuna corner of the northern India garden to start construction. Here in the Yamuna River, is very open, Shah Khan, saw far from Agra castle on the River. Architecture and jewelry most Shah Khan, love, so he chose marble Taj Mahal, and decorated with numerous precious stones inlaid in the marble to a very delicate craft. National as well as Persia, Turkey, Baghdad, architects, setters, the book Master carvers, masons working a total of more than 20,000 people participated in the construction of the Taj Mahal. This project has chosen its own marble, the precious stones, crystal and jade, emerald, agate in Baghdad and Yemen, Sri Lanka's gem, the Arab coral.In 1650, the Taj Mahal was built. Today has been 300 years, but it's brilliant and style no less. To the Taj Mahal, a high thirty meters, built with red sandstone at the top of a very grand arches of the seat octagonal show in front of the marble structure is very prominent, inlaid with beautiful flowers, together with the beautiful calligraphy .Taj Mahal is one of the wonders of the world. It presents a world of superb architectural design standards, and reflects the best of architectural art and style. Shah Khan, painstakingly built a vast, magnificent mausoleum at all costs for the Chong Fei, indicating he was the love of Chong Fei how deep. Shah Khan, Taj Mahal, built soon after the son of the abolition of the throne, was imprisoned in the castle, Agra, in his later years by afar the Taj Mahal every day to make ends meet, until the sad melancholy and died. After his death, together with Chong Fei was buried in the Taj Mahal. Taj Mahal is a great monument to love, it is the Emperor, the witness of love to the world about their love story.
Architectural styleThe idea and layout of the Taj Mahal fully reflects the solemn and imposing Islamic architectural art, the entire building philosophical, is a perfect art. All visitors regard this extraordinary masterpiece known as India's Treasure of the Indian people.Zhuang Hongwei shape end of this Islamic style of architecture, impeccable, the palace doors and windows, and Weiping white marble Loudiao for small grid of diamond lace the walls with jade, crystal, agate, red and green gem inlaid with colorful vines flowers.
Technology achievementsTaj Mahal process success lies first and foremost improve the overall layout of the buildings. Very simple layout, the tomb is the only composition center, it does not like Humana Yong Ling as living in the center of the square courtyard, but living in the end of the axis, to expand the square in front of grass, consequent, one into the second door, there is sufficient viewing distance, viewing angle is good, the elevation is about 1:4.5. The color of the buildings quiet bright, blue sky, the grass green holding a crystal white mausoleum and the tower, on both sides of the red ocher buildings, reflected particularly icy snow. Reflection of the clear, rippling in the clarity of the pond, a fountain, mist fans, it flashes quiver, prosperous and the whole prosperous and scattered, erratic changes, the scene in particular charm. Built a mausoleum for the dead, but actually filled with the joy of the happy life atmosphere.Taj Mahal's second achievement is the creation of the tomb itself is solemn and clear image. Stable and its composition stretch: wide pedestal, and the main roughly into a square cone, but the four towers and comprehensive outline ethereal, interspersed with green space penetrate through. Xilian of its shape: the geometry of each part of the clear, clear the relationship among the actual situation change is certainly not too trivial things, ambiguous things, honest and frank. Its harmony of proportion: the main part of broadly similar geometric relationship, for example, the tower (LMH) half of the nearly the distance between the two towers, the main facade, the central part of the high close to the total width of the facade part of the high half, both sides of the facade near the facade excluding half the width of the part of the wipe angle, the size, height, and thickness of the all-win should. It clear priorities: the dome command of the global maximum scale; middle of the concave Gallery is the center of the facade, followed by scale; concave on the sides and wiping angle bevel Gallery contrasting the fovea Gallery, scale; the four corners of working with the smallest scale, they in turn, bring out the central width of a large grand. In addition, the size of the concave Gallery level of advance and retreat, the lighting changes, the actual situation in control, lively skyline caused by the size of the dome and towers, domes and issued coupons and gentle curves, etc., make the tomb at the solemn memorial. cheerful and friendly personality.The third achievement of the Taj Mahal is the skilled use of the composition of the Law of Opposites, this very simple pure building rich. The subject and the rounded dome of the mausoleum square contrast strong in body, but they are unified: they have a consistent geometric accuracy, the outline of the main positive vouchers with the dome echoes, the width of the central part of the facade and the diameter of the dome is considerable. At the same time, the transition between the subject and the dome is very ingenuity: the main wiping angle, close to the circle; layout of a small dome in the four corners of the dome, they formed a square layout; small dome is round, they are below the pavilion but octagonal, with the main echoes. Four small dome in the dome similar to the outside of a good containing contrast: First, size and scale of comparison, contrasting the large dome is grand; Second, the comparison of the actual situation, contrasting the large dome of solemn. Fine high tower with the tomb itself, formed the strongest contrast to the tomb mapping score outside side everywhere grand. The same time, they unified: they have the same dome, they are concise and simple, containing a circle and straight form due to interaction; and they are closely related in composition, with high pedestal firmly holding, the rectangle formed by the two towers and the tomb of the main facade of the rectangular proportion is similar, and so on. In addition to contrasting the various parts of the appropriate contact, echoing, similarities and mutual penetration between them is very clear master-slave relationship to ensure the unity of integrity of the tomb.
Historical destinyWho have seen the Taj Mahal, its crystal white, exquisitely carved figure of the dumping. This is an all white marble palace-style cemetery, is a set of Islamic and Indian architectural art in one of the ancient classics. People reputation for India's pride, call it the world's eight wonders of the world. Throughout the ages, the number of men of letters, romantic celebrities praise her, praise her. However, the fate of the Taj Mahal is not as appreciation for those who want as good and successful. It has been built to date, as it buried in the Taj, as has been filled with sorrow and resentment. No wonder that the Indian poet Aung Tagore said, the Taj Mahal as "a drop of tears of love.About a century later built the Taj Mahal, the entire South Asian subcontinent became a colony of the British Empire. The conquerors not only plunder the wealth of India, but also to destroy its civilization. According to the disclosure of the "Taj Mahal," a book published shortly before the English, the Indian-colonial period, Delhi Red Fort has been converted into a munitions factory, in Agra, the castle was requisitioned as a barracks, Xikan de la Garden became a British engineer the nursing homes, while the Taj Mahal into a ballroom of the British youth entertainment. They also open up the Taj Mahal place for a picnic, will be a hammer, chisel with into the cutting of precious stones and pearls on the tomb in order to knock drunk eaten. What is more, the British Governor in India has also developed a plan to tear down the Taj Mahal auction, construction machinery has been moved into the cemetery. Later, in London the first time the auction failed, gave up this plan, the Taj Mahal fortunate enough to be preserved.Independent India, the Taj Mahal of course, became India's ordinary people can visit the attractions. However, due to the long-term neglect of environmental protection and endless low-level open, many parts of the Taj Mahal has been irreparable damage. Marble steps, wear and cracks, exquisite carvings and inlaid precious stones have been damaged. If the thousands of visitors continues to uncontrolled influx of mausoleum, Taj Mahal, the damage will be irreparable.
Building layoutTaj Mahal, the entire cemetery is a rectangular, 576 meters long and 293 meters wide, (the other information: hill north to south and 580 m, 305 m wide) of the total area of ​​170,000 square meters. Surrounded by a soongorica stone walls around. The center of the tomb, mausoleum east and west sides of the construction of these two styles of the mosques and the respondent Office of the same building, two buildings around the symmetric equilibrium, echoes. Tomb of the Quartet have a steeple, up to 40 m, 50 layers ladder is designed for Muslim imam Ten Level ascend on. The door and the tomb is connected by a wide, straight Redstone paved corridor, the symmetry of left and right sides, neat layout. In the corridor on both sides of the sidewalk to the middle of the sidewalk to build a "10"-shaped fountains. The front of the Taj Mahal is one of the clear waterways, the waterways on both sides of planting fruit trees and cypress trees were a symbol of life and death.The cemetery is divided into two courtyards: the forecourt of old trees, plants, aromatic, open and elegant; behind the courtyard area of ​​the largest intersection in the square by a broad cross waterways, fountains. Fountain rows of nozzles, spray the water column cross-scattered, such as swimming dragon playing with a pearl. The backyard of the main building, is the famous mausoleum of the Taj. The base of the tomb for a 7 m high, 95 meters wide, and standing square of marble, the tomb of side length 60 m, the whole tomb was constructed entirely of white marble top is a huge sphere, the four corners stands up to 40 meters Round Tower, solemn. Arched door on the door of the symbol of wisdom, inscribed "the Koran. The central tomb stood two sarcophagi of the Taj and Sha Jahan, flashing gems. The palace living in the tomb of the middle of the four corners of each of the round tower, a tower slightly extrovert in order to prevent the tower dumping crushed Ling body. The upper part of the palace for a full towering dome, the lower part of the octagonal mausoleum wall, the upper and lower total height 74 m, placed on the four arches of the door frame with black marble top half of the scriptures of the Koran. Living quarters within an extremely fine carved by Chinese craftsman doors window lattice. Five chambers is divided into the palace, on flowers Jia Hui idea of ​​Kit Kat with jewels set into the walls of the palace, palace more brilliant. The central octagonal hall is the center of the tomb, inlaid with bas-relief and exquisite gem on the wall. Center line are placed the tombstone of the Taj, the King of Sha Jahan's tombstone is located next to it.After the completion of Taj Mahal, a total length of 583 meters, 304 meters wide, is surrounded by a tightly surrounded soongorica stone walls. The whole mausoleum covers an area of ​​170,000 square meters. Mausoleum center, east and west sides, built in the same style of building: The first mosque, one respondent Hall. Tomb of the Quartet, each one up to the minaret of 40 meters, 50 ladder. This tower is designed for Muslims every day up the stairs, climb recite the Koran, and prayer to worship with.Taj Mahal, the most impressive main building is built from white marble puzzle, the imperial tombs of the up and down the neat symmetry about the central dome of six 12 m, amazing. Surrounded by four high about 41 meters steeple tower and the tower stands studded 30 five different types of semi-precious stones tombstones. The cemetery covers an area of ​​17 hectares, a slightly elongated shape of the circle, surrounded by a red sand stone walls, imported door to use the Red Rock puzzle built, about two stories tall, the top of the door on the back of each 10 is a typical white cone shaped small tower. The door has been leading to the burial chamber of Sha Jiehan king and the princess, the center of the room are placed the sarcophagus, strong serious Mu.The middle of the garden is a marble pool, the pool at the end of the tomb, with two empty sarcophagi, coffins and a small, Shah Jahan, the king and Queen's buried in the soil Kongguan at underground cavities. The tomb of the main hall of the four corners has a cylindrical tower an outward tilt of 12 degrees each tower. The tomb, a marble monument in the center inscribed a few lines of Persian: title palace leader Taj Mahal of the tomb. Standing in the center of the mausoleum next to the corridors of the stones, you can feel the strong echo of very misty endless. The rear lawn of the palace of the vineyard. The main building appearance to create the most advanced pure white marble, inside and outside inlaid with beautiful stones (crystal, jade, malachite), the front of the Taj Mahal is one of the clear waterways, the waterways on both sides of planting fruit trees and cypress trees, a symbol of life and death. Each side of the tomb has a 33-meter-high arches, the Mausoleum of the reflection pool, it looks like two Taj Mahal. Mosaic of Scripture, "invited the pure in heart, into the garden of paradise" phrase is the most prestigious. The mausoleum there is a fine doors window frames, legends from China's Ming Dynasty craftsmen carving. In the central palace room with a carved marble fence, which stood the world-famous Sha Jahan and Mumtaz two marble coffin, but this two sarcophagus is not true, because the true coffin is placed in another room in the basement underground.Coffin on more than 20 kinds of priceless gems of jade, agate, crystal, coral, malachite inlaid with delicate jasmine patterns, the process of fine, color is gorgeous, can be described as intricate, unparalleled. Appearance, because the whole tomb by the pure white marble, brick, into the day, with the strength of the sun in the dawn, noon and sunset, exposure in the tomb on the light and colors will be changing unpredictable, showing a different spectacle. Every night of the Elixir of Love, more charming scenery. As Sha Jahan built at the beginning, said: "If there is heaven and paradise on earth, the Taj Mahal is that this park."Taj Mahal in the early evening showing of the same face of the morning is bright golden, dazzling white during the day under the sun, sun sunset, the white Taj Mahal from the gray-yellow, golden yellow, and gradually turned into pink , dark red, cyan, and in the moonlight became a silver-white, vague shapes of faint blue fluorescence of white marble, the more people a Huangruo fairyland feeling. Some people say, do not look at the Taj Mahal, they have not been to India; not moonlight down to the Taj Mahal, they have not been to the Taj Mahal. November 27, 2004, the Taj Mahal conditional open to visitors night, tickets for up to 1500 rupees, the world's only an early evening tour fare is not the same attractions.Cemetery regardless of the idea of ​​the layout is a perfect overall, it fully reflects the unique charm of solemn, imposing Islamic architectural art. Where this mausoleum, visited the visitors all sigh.